How Atomic DDL Works in MySQL 8.0 (from Libing Song's Blog)
Before MySQL 8.0, DDL was not crash-safe. There were three main problems: The metadata in the server layer and the metadata/data in InnoDB could become inconsistent. The server-layer metadata was stored in files — for example, table definitions were kept in .frm files — while InnoDB kept its own copy of the metadata in its tables. A crash could leave...
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